Diseases and their treatments

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I present to you this application which contains several diseases and their signs and their treatments in a medical way.
Most people with mild iron deficiency anemia do not notice it. The symptoms depend to a large extent on the rate at which anemia has set in. When anemia gradually appears, the symptoms are less obvious.

Abnormal tiredness
Pale skin
A fast pulse
Shortness of breath more pronounced during exercise
Cold hands and feet
Headaches
Dizziness
A decrease in intellectual performance

People at risk

Women of childbearing age, who have very heavy menstrual periods, because there is loss of iron in the menstrual blood.
Pregnant women and those with multiple and close pregnancies.
Teenage girls
Children, especially from 6 months to 4 years.
People with a disease that causes iron malabsorption: Crohn's disease or celiac disease, for example.
People with a health problem that causes chronic blood loss in the stool (not visible to the eye): peptic ulcer, benign polyps in the colon or colorectal cancer, for example.
Vegetarian people, especially if they consume no animal source products (vegan diet).
Babies who are not breastfed
People who regularly consume certain drugs, such as antacids proton pump inhibitors type to relieve heartburn. The acidity of the stomach transforms dietary iron into a form that can be assimilated by the intestine. Aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can also, in the long term, cause bleeding in the stomach.
People with kidney failure, especially those on dialysis.

Prevalence

Iron deficiency anemia is the most common form of anemia. According to the World Health Organization, more than 30% of the world's population suffers from anemia1. Half of these cases are attributed to iron deficiency, particularly in developing countries.

In North America and Europe, it is estimated that between 4% and 8% of women of childbearing age have iron deficiency3. Estimates may vary because the criteria used to define iron deficiency are not the same everywhere. In men and postmenopausal women, iron deficiency is rather rare.

In the United States and Canada, some refined foods, such as wheat flour, breakfast cereals, pre-cooked rice and pasta, are fortified with iron to prevent deficiencies.
Diagnostic

Since the symptoms of iron deficiency anemia may be due to another health problem, laboratory analysis of a blood sample must be done in order to make a diagnosis. A blood count (complete blood count) is usually prescribed by the doctor.

These 3 measurements make it possible to detect anemia. In case of iron deficiency anemia, the following results are below normal values.

Hemoglobin level: The concentration of hemoglobin in the blood, expressed in grams of hemoglobin per liter of blood (g / l) or per 100 ml of blood (g / 100 ml or g / dl).
Hematocrit: The ratio, expressed as a percentage, of the volume of red blood cells in a blood sample (centrifuged) over the volume of whole blood in that sample.
The count of red blood cells: the number of red blood cells contained in a given volume of blood, normally expressed in millions of red blood cells per microliter of blood.

Last update

Oct. 22, 2019

Diseases and their treatments

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